html: put 'use strict' on separate lines

use.py:
import re
import sys
for fn in sys.argv[1:]:
with open(fn) as f:
s = f.read()
s = re.sub(r'''(<script>)('use strict';)\n( *)''', r'''\1\n\3\2\n\3''', s)
with open(fn, 'w') as f:
f.write(s)

python use.py $(hg loc 'kallithea/templates/**.html')

js: use strict ... and fix the problems it points out

"use strict" gives stricter checks, both statically and at runtime. The
strictness tightens up the code and prevents some kinds of problems.

The <script> tag addition might not be pretty, but has consistently been added
with:

sed -i 's,<script>$,&'"'"'use strict'"'"';,g' `hg loc '*.html'`

templates: properly escape inline JavaScript values

TLDR: Kallithea has issues with escaping values for use in inline JS.
Despite judicious poking of the code, no actual security vulnerabilities
have been found, just lots of corner-case bugs. This patch fixes those,
and hardens the code against actual security issues.

The long version:

To embed a Python value (typically a 'unicode' plain-text value) in a
larger file, it must be escaped in a context specific manner. Example:

>>> s = u'<script>alert("It\'s a trap!");</script>'

1) Escaped for insertion into HTML element context

>>> print cgi.escape(s)
&lt;script&gt;alert("It's a trap!");&lt;/script&gt;

2) Escaped for insertion into HTML element or attribute context

>>> print h.escape(s)
&lt;script&gt;alert(&#34;It&#39;s a trap!&#34;);&lt;/script&gt;

This is the default Mako escaping, as usually used by Kallithea.

3) Encoded as JSON

>>> print json.dumps(s)
"<script>alert(\"It's a trap!\");</script>"

4) Escaped for insertion into a JavaScript file

>>> print '(' + json.dumps(s) + ')'
("<script>alert(\"It's a trap!\");</script>")

The parentheses are not actually required for strings, but may be needed
to avoid syntax errors if the value is a number or dict (object).

5) Escaped for insertion into a HTML inline <script> element

>>> print h.js(s)
("\x3cscript\x3ealert(\"It's a trap!\");\x3c/script\x3e")

Here, we need to combine JS and HTML escaping, further complicated by
the fact that "<script>" tag contents can either be parsed in XHTML mode
(in which case '<', '>' and '&' must additionally be XML escaped) or
HTML mode (in which case '</script>' must be escaped, but not using HTML
escaping, which is not available in HTML "<script>" tags). Therefore,
the XML special characters (which can only occur in string literals) are
escaped using JavaScript string literal escape sequences.

(This, incidentally, is why modern web security best practices ban all
use of inline JavaScript...)

Unsurprisingly, Kallithea does not do (5) correctly. In most cases,
Kallithea might slap a pair of single quotes around the HTML escaped
Python value. A typical benign example:

$('#child_link').html('${_('No revisions')}');

This works in English, but if a localized version of the string contains
an apostrophe, the result will be broken JavaScript. In the more severe
cases, where the text is user controllable, it leaves the door open to
injections. In this example, the script inserts the string as HTML, so
Mako's implicit HTML escaping makes sense; but in many other cases, HTML
escaping is actually an error, because the value is not used by the
script in an HTML context.

The good news is that the HTML escaping thwarts attempts at XSS, since
it's impossible to inject syntactically valid JavaScript of any useful
complexity. It does allow JavaScript errors and gibberish to appear on
the page, though.

In these cases, the escaping has been fixed to use either the new 'h.js'
helper, which does JavaScript escaping (but not HTML escaping), OR the
new 'h.jshtml' helper (which does both), in those cases where it was
unclear if the value might be used (by the script) in an HTML context.
Some of these can probably be "relaxed" from h.jshtml to h.js later, but
for now, using h.jshtml fixes escaping and doesn't introduce new errors.

In a few places, Kallithea JSON encodes values in the controller, then
inserts the JSON (without any further escaping) into <script> tags. This
is also wrong, and carries actual risk of XSS vulnerabilities. However,
in all cases, security vulnerabilities were narrowly avoided due to other
filtering in Kallithea. (E.g. many special characters are banned from
appearing in usernames.) In these cases, the escaping has been fixed
and moved to the template, making it immediately visible that proper
escaping has been performed.

Mini-FAQ (frequently anticipated questions):

Q: Why do everything in one big, hard to review patch?
Q: Why add escaping in specific case FOO, it doesn't seem needed?

Because the goal here is to have "escape everywhere" as the default
policy, rather than identifying individual bugs and fixing them one
by one by adding escaping where needed. As such, this patch surely
introduces a lot of needless escaping. This is no different from
how Mako/Pylons HTML escape everything by default, even when not
needed: it's errs on the side of needless work, to prevent erring
on the side of skipping required (and security critical) work.

As for reviewability, the most important thing to notice is not where
escaping has been introduced, but any places where it might have been
missed (or where h.jshtml is needed, but h.js is used).

Q: The added escaping is kinda verbose/ugly.

That is not a question, but yes, I agree. Hopefully it'll encourage us
to move away from inline JavaScript altogether. That's a significantly
larger job, though; with luck this patch will keep us safe and secure
until such a time as we can implement the real fix.

Q: Why not use Mako filter syntax ("${val|h.js}")?

Because of long-standing Mako bug #140, preventing use of 'h' in
filters.

Q: Why not work around bug #140, or even use straight "${val|js}"?

Because Mako still applies the default h.escape filter before the
explicitly specified filters.

Q: Where do we go from here?

Longer term, we should stop doing variable expansions in script blocks,
and instead pass data to JS via e.g. data attributes, or asynchronously
using AJAX calls. Once we've done that, we can remove inline JavaScript
altogether in favor of separate script files, and set a strict Content
Security Policy explicitly blocking inline scripting, and thus also the
most common kind of cross-site scripting attack.

style: use popover for journal search help

Based on work by Dominik Ruf.

style: rename div.table to Bootstrap .panel-body

Based on work by Dominik Ruf.

style: add missing 'form-control' markup

Based on work by Dominik Ruf.

style: introduce Bootstrap compatible form-inline markup

Based on work by Dominik Ruf.

style: introduce "clearfix" class where the Bootstrap migration will need it

Based on work by Dominik Ruf.

style: use Bootstrap compatible data-toggle="tooltip" markup

Based on work by Dominik Ruf and Andrew Shadura.

style: adjust button sizes to be more like Bootstrap and change some btn-sm to btn-xs

Based on work by Dominik Ruf.

style: in preparation for bootstrap, replace kallithea title class with bootstrap compatible panel-heading

This is a subset of a bigger changeset. The subset was extracted by Mads Kiilerich, mostly by:

sed -i 's,<div class="title\>,<div class="panel-heading,g' `hg mani`
sed -i 's,\<div\.title\>,div.panel-heading,g' kallithea/public/css/style.css

style: in preparation for bootstrap, replace kallithea box with bootstrap compatible panel

This is a subset of a bigger changeset. The subset was extracted by Mads Kiilerich, mostly by:

sed -i \
-e 's,<div\(.*\) class="box",<div\1 class="panel panel-primary",g' \
`hg mani`

style: in preparation for bootstrap, use bootstrap compatible button class names

Give all buttons a styling (default, success, danger, warning) and rename the sizes to sm and xs.

This is a subset of a bigger changeset. The subset was extracted by Mads Kiilerich, mostly by:

sed -i \
-e 's,btn btn-small,btn btn-default btn-sm,g' \
-e 's,btn btn-mini,btn btn-default btn-xs,g' \
-e 's,btn-default btn-\(xs\|sm\) btn-\(success\|danger\|warning\),btn-\2 btn-\1,g' \
-e 's,class_="btn",class_="btn btn-default",g' \
`hg mani`

helpers: drop h.tooltip

h.tooltip did more magic in the past - now it just did a douple (or triple?)
escape of html.

c9cfaeb1cdfe removed most of the need for double escaping - and the places
where it is used, it must be 'tagged' with the safe-html-title class. Thus,
none of the remaining uses of h.tooltip are relevant (and might even be wrong);
normal automatic template escaping is just fine.

This is mostly:
sed -i 's,title="\${h.tooltip(\([^}]*\))}",title="${\1}",g' `hg mani`

controllers: don't pass rendered templates in context variables

Some controllers used the followifng pattern:
- render a data template into a context variable
- for partial (ajax) requests, return the contents of this variable
- for full-page requests, render the full page, which expands the value of
the context variable

Instead, avoid context variables let the controller simply render the full or partial page, and let
the full page template include the partial page.

Remove this context variable for templating and use render exclusively.
From templates, use %include instead of context variables.

This in line with the suggestions in the Pylons documentation:
http://pylons-webframework.readthedocs.org/en/latest/helpers.html#partial-updates-with-ajax

templates: move site branding in page title to base template

Instead of repeating the same three lines in each and every template, move
it to the base template.

Second step in two-part process to rename directories.
This is the actual directory rename.