.. _rolereference:

Role Reference
==============


Common parameters
-----------------

A number of common parameters are used by all of the roles during
deployment. This section lists such parameters.

**enable_backup** (boolean, optional, ``False``)
  If set to ``True``, and the role supports backups, server will be configured
  for back-up of role's data. See role description for more details on what is
  backed-up and if the option is available. Just keep in mind that if you enable
  this globally, all the roles will be running backup-specific tasks. If the
  option has been enabled, the ``backup_client`` role will be included
  automatically (see the role reference for details on parameters that need to
  be provided in the case).

**tls_private_key_dir** (string, optional if paths to private keys for all roles are explicitly specified)
  Path to directory on Ansible host that contains the private keys used by
  services deployed by various roles. When TLS keys are not explicitly defined
  in a role, this is the directory where the TLS key will be looked-up during
  Ansible run. Expected filename pattern is ``FQDN_SERVICE.key`` (for example,
  ``mail.example.com_smtp.key`` or ``xmpp.example.com_xmpp.key``).

**tls_certificate_dir** (string, optional if paths to certificate files for all roles are explicitly specified)
  Path to directory on Ansible host that contains the X.509 certificate files
  used by services deployed by various roles. When X.509 certificate is not
  explicitly defined in a role, this is the directory where the X.509
  certificate will be looked-up during Ansible run. Expected filename pattern is
  ``FQDN_SERVICE.pem`` (for example, ``mail.example.com_smtp.pem`` or
  ``xmpp.example.com_xmpp.pem``).


Preseed
-------

The ``preseed`` role can be used for generating simple preseed files for Debian
Wheezy installations.

The generated preseed files allow simplified installation, with a single root
partition. There is a number of parameters that allow for customising the
content of preseed files.

It is possible to specify parameter values that should be used for all servers,
as well for individual servers. It is also possible to combine this approach,
defining global parameters that get overridden per server.

The role will by default process all hosts from the inventory, generating one
preseed file per server.


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**ansible_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', '~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub') }}``)
  SSH public key that should be deployed to authorized_keys truststore for
  operating system user ``root``. This is necessary for the bootstrap process
  to work since Debian Jessie does not allow password-based logins for root.

**preseed_country** (string, optional, ``SE``)
  Country.

**preseed_directory** (string, optional, ``../preseed_files/``)
  Destination directory where the preseed files should be stored.

  .. warning::
     Do not name this directory ``preseed`` if it lies on a path where Ansible
     would normally look-up the roles (it will conflict with the role name).

**preseed_dns** (string, mandatory if **preseed_network_auto** is ``no``)
  Comma-separated list of DNS servers.

**preseed_domain** (string, mandatory if **preseed_network_auto** is ``no``)
  Server domain.

**preseed_gateway** (string, mandatory if **preseed_network_auto** is ``no``)
  Default gateway for the server.

**preseed_hostname** (string, mandatory if **preseed_network_auto** is ``no``)
  Server hostname.

**preseed_ip** (string, mandatory if **preseed_network_auto** is ``no``)
  IP address for the server network interface.

**preseed_keymap** (string, optional, ``us``)
  Keymap.

**preseed_language** (string, optional, ``en``)
  Language.

**preseed_locale** (string, optional, ``en_US.UTF-8``)
  Locale.

**preseed_mirror_directory** (string, optional, ``/debian``)
  Directory under which the Debian apt repositories can be found on the
  specified mirror.

**preseed_mirror_hostname** (string, optional, ``ftp.se.debian.org``)
  Resolvable hostname of FQDN where the Debian apt repositories can be
  found. Only HTTP mirrors are supported.

**preseed_mirror_proxy** (string, optional, ``None``)
  An HTTP proxy that should be used for accessing the Debian apt
  repositories.

**preseed_netmask** (string, mandatory if **preseed_network_auto** is ``no``)
  Netmask for the server network interface.

**preseed_network_auto** (boolean, optional, ``yes``)
  Specifies whether the network configuration should be automatic (using DHCP)
  or manual. If manual configuration is selected a number of additional options
  needs to be specified: ``preseed_hostname``, ``preseed_domain``,
  ``preseed_ip``, ``preseed_netmask``, ``preseed_gateway``,
  ``preseed_dns``. For some of these values you may want to use per-server
  overrides - see parameter ``preseed_server_overrides``.

**preseed_network_interface** (string, optional, ``eth0``)
  Name of network interface (for example ``eth0``, ``eth1`` etc) that should be
  configured.

**preseed_root_password** (string, optional, ``root``)
  Initial password that should be set for the server during the installation.

**preseed_server_overrides** (string, optional, ``{}``)
  A dictionary consisting out of one or more entries where individual values for
  preseed files can be overridden per-server. Each entry's key should be the
  name of the server, as specified in the inventory. Each value should also be a
  dictionary, where valid keys are: ``country``, ``dns``, ``domain``,
  ``gateway``, ``hostname``, ``ip``, ``keymap``, ``language``, ``locale``,
  ``mirror_directory``, ``mirror_hostname``, ``mirror_proxy``, ``netmask``,
  ``network_auto``, ``network_interface``, ``root_password``,
  ``timezone``. These have the same meaning as their ``preseed_`` counterparts.

**preseed_timezone** (string, optional, ``Europe/Stockholm``)
  Timezone that should be used when calculating server time. It is assumed that
  the local hardware clock is set to UTC.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)
- Debian 9 (Stretch)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for a preseed file that sets some global
defaults to be used for all servers, and then overrides it for one server:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  ansible_key: {{ lookup('file', '~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub') }}
  preseed_country: UK
  preseed_directory: /var/www/preseed
  preseed_keymap: UK
  preseed_language: en
  preseed_locale: en_UK.UTF-8
  preseed_mirror_directory: /debian
  preseed_mirror_hostname: ftp.uk.debian.org
  preseed_mirror_proxy: ""
  preseed_network_auto: yes
  preseed_network_interface: eth0
  preseed_root_password: secret
  preseed_timezone: Europe/London
  preseed_server_overrides:
    ldap.example.com:
      network_auto: no
      hostname: ldap
      domain: example.com
      ip: 192.168.1.20
      netmask: 255.255.255.0
      gateway: 192.168.1.1
      dns: 192.168.1.1,192.168.1.2
      timezone: Europe/Stockholm


Bootstrap
---------

The ``bootstrap`` role can be used for bootstraping a new server with
Ansible. In order to apply this role to a server, all that is necessary is root
access to the server (either via SSH or locally).

The role implements the following:

* Installs sudo package.
* Creates operating system user and group for Ansible (``ansible``).
* Sets-up an authorized_key for operating system user ``ansible`` (for remote
  SSH access).
* Configures sudo to allow operating system user ``ansible`` to run sudo
  commands without password authentication.
* Removes the Ansible user's key from the list of authorized keys for user root
  at the end of bootstrap process. This key was necessary only for the bootstrap
  process.


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**ansible_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', '~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub') }}``)
  SSH public key that should be deployed to authorized_keys truststore for
  operating system user ``ansible``.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)
- Debian 9 (Stretch)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Since the role is meant to be used just after the server has been installed, and
using the ``root`` account, it is probably going to be invoked from a separate
playbook.

For example, a playbook (``bootstrap.yml``) could look something similar to:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  - hosts: "{{ server }}"
    remote_user: root
    roles:
      - bootstrap
    vars:
      ansible_key: "{{ lookup('file', 'authorized_keys/ansible.pub') }}"

With such a playbook in place, it would be invoked with::

  ansible-playbook --ask-pass -e server=test1.example.com bootstrap.yml


Common
------

The ``common`` role can be used for applying a common configuration and
hardening across all servers, no matter what services they provide.

The role implements the following:

* Configures apt to use caching proxy (if any was specified).
* Sets-up umask for all logins to ``0027``.
* Installs sudo.
* Sets-up uniform bash prompt for all accounts (optionally coloured and with
  identifier). This is useful for distinguishing machines and/or environments.
* Sets-up ability to have user-specific ``/etc/profile.d/`` entries via
  ``$HOME/.profile.d/``.
* Installs additional base packages, as configured.
* Disables ``electric-indent-mode`` in Emacs globally if either the ``emacs24``
  or ``emacs24-nox`` are installed through the role.
* Creates additional operating system groups, as configured.
* Creates additional operating system users, as configured.
* Hardens the SSH server by disabling remote ``root`` logins and password-based
  authentication.
* Allows traversing of directory ``/etc/ssl/private/`` to everyone. This lets
  you put TLS private keys in central location where any operating system user
  can reach them provided they have appropriate read/write rights on the file
  itself, and provided they know the exact path of the file.
* Deploys CA certificate files, normally used for truststore purposes, to
  ``/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/``.
* Installs ``ferm`` (for iptables management), configuring a basic firewall
  which allows ICMP echo requests (PING), incoming connection on TCP port 22
  (SSH), and also introduces rate-limitting for incoming ICMP echo request
  pacakges and (new) TCP connections. The rate-limitting is based on the source
  IP address, using the ``iptables hashlimit`` module.
* Sets-up system for performing checks on certificates (currently only if they
  expire within less than 30 days). Roles that want their certificates checked
  should deploy a ``.conf`` to directory ``/etc/check_certificate/`` with paths
  to certificate files, one per line. Certificates are checked on daily basis.
* Deploys ``apticron`` package that performs checks for available package
  upgrades on daily basis. Mails are delivered to local ``root`` account, and
  can be redirected elsewhere via aliases. If using ``mail_forwarder`` or
  ``mail_server`` roles on the same server, aliases can be set-up through them.
* Sets-up system for performing checks on pip requirements files. Roles that
  want their requirements files checked should create a sub-directory inside of
  ``/etc/pip_check_requirements_upgrades``, and place ``.txt`` and ``.in`` files
  inside (with same base name). The ``.txt`` files should be standard
  requirements files with fixed versions (the ones installed by the role). The
  ``.in`` files should contain only the top-level packages (no
  dependencies). Avoid hard-coding versions in the ``.in`` file unless really
  needed. For packages where you want to stick to stable/LTS version branch, you
  should be able to use ``~=`` operator (for example ``django~=1.8.0``. Checks
  are implemented via `pip-tools <https://github.com/jazzband/pip-tools>`_ and a
  custom script that outputs diffs if upgrades are available. Script is run via
  cronjob on hourly basis, and any output will be delivered to local ``root``
  user.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **backup_client**


Backups
~~~~~~~

If the backup for this role has been enabled, the following paths are backed-up:

**/var/log**
  Log files from the system.

**/home**
  Home directory for regular users (this can be changed via role parameters).

**/root**
  Root user's home directory (this can be changed via role parameters).

**/etc/shadow**
  Operating system user passwords.

**/var/mail**
  Local user's mails.

**/var/spool/cron**
  Local user's cronjobs.


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**apt_proxy** (string, optional, ``None``)
  URI of a caching proxy that should be used when retrieving the packages via
  apt.

**os_users** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of operating system users that should be set-up on a server. Each item
  is a dictionary with the following options describing the user parameters:

  **name** (string, mandatory)
    Name of the operating system user that should be created. User's default
    group will have the same name as the user.

  **uid** (number, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
    UID for the operating system user. User's default group will have a GID
    identical to the user's UID if specified. Otherwise user's default group
    will have OS-determined GID.

  **additional_groups** (list, optional, ``[]``)
    List of additional groups that a user should belong to.

  **authorized_keys** (list, optional, ``[]``)
    List of SSH public keys that should be deployed to user's authorized_keys
    truststore.

  **password** (string, optional, ``!`` - no password)
    Encrypted password that should be set for the user.

**os_groups** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of operating system groups that should be set-up on a server. Each item
  is a dictionary with the following options describing the group parameters:

  **name** (string, mandatory)
    Name of the operating system group that should be created.

  **gid** (number, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
    GID for the operating system group.

**common_packages** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of additional operating system packages that should be installed on the
  server. Each element of the list should be a simple string denoting the name
  of the package.

**ca_certificates** (list, optional, ``{}``)
  Dictionary containing the CA certificates to deploy. Keys are base filenames
  (**without extension**) to be used when placing a certificate file in
  directory ``/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/``, while values are
  corresponding content to be placed in the file.

**extra_backup_patterns** (list, optional, ``[ "/home", "/root" ]]``)
  List of additional globbing patterns defining additional files or directories
  that should be backed-up.

**incoming_connection_limit** (string, optional, ``3/second``)
  Rate at which the incoming ICMP echo-request packages and new TCP connections
  will be accepted at. The value should be specified in the same format as value
  for the ``iptables hashlimit`` option ``--hashlimit-upto``.

**incoming_connection_limit_burst** (string, optional, ``9``)
  Initial burst of packages that should be accepted when the client with
  distinct source IP address connects to the server for the first time (usually
  higher than ``incoming_connection_limit``), even if it would go above the
  specified connection limit.

**pipreqcheck_uid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
  UID for user running the pip requirements upgrade checks. User is created with
  name ``pipreqcheck``.

**pipreqcheck_gid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
  GID for user running the pip requirements upgrade checks. Group is created
  with name ``pipreqcheck``.

**prompt_colour** (string, optional, ``none``)
  Colour for showing the Bash prompt. Supported values are:

  ``black``, ``red``, ``green``, ``brown``, ``blue``, ``purple``, ``cyan``,
  ``light_gray``, ``dark_gray``, ``light_red``, ``light_green``, ``yellow``,
  ``light_blue``, ``light_purple``, ``light_cyan``, ``white``, ``none``.

  You should probably *not* use the ``black`` colour. Setting affects Bash
  shells *only*. Setting the value to ``none`` uses default terminal colour.

**prompt_id** (string, optional, ``NONE``)
  Optional identifier appended to regular Bash prompt, useful for visually
  identifying distinct environments. For example, if set to ``test``, resulting
  prompt will be similar to ``admin@web[test]:~$``. Setting affects Bash shells
  *only*.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)
- Debian 9 (Stretch)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up some common users, groups, and
packages on all servers:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  os_users:
    - name: admin
      uid: 1000
      additional_groups:
        - sudo
      authorized_keys:
        - "{{ lookup('file', '/home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub') }}"
      password: '$6$AaJRWtqyX5pk$IP8DUjgY0y2zqMom9BAc.O9qHoQWLFCmEsPRCika6l/Xh87cp2SnlMywH0.r4uEcbHnoicQG46V9VrJ8fxp2d.'
    - name: john
      uid: 1001
      password: '$6$AaJRWtqyX5pk$IP8DUjgY0y2zqMom9BAc.O9qHoQWLFCmEsPRCika6l/Xh87cp2SnlMywH0.r4uEcbHnoicQG46V9VrJ8fxp2d.'

  os_groups:
    - name: localusers
      gid: 2500

  common_packages:
    - emacs23-nox
    - screen
    - debconf-utils

  ca_certificates:
    "truststore": "{{ lookup('file', '../certs/truststore.pem') }}"

  incoming_connection_limit: 2/second

  incoming_connection_limit_burst: 6

  prompt_colour: light_green

  prompt_id: PROD

.. _ldap_client:

LDAP Client
-----------

The ``ldap_client`` role can be used for setting-up an OpenLDAP client on
destination machine.

The role implements the following:

* Installs OpenLDAP client tools.
* Sets-up global configuration file for OpenLDAP clients at /etc/ldap/ldap.conf.


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**ldap_client_config** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of configuration options that should be put into the LDAP configuration
  file. Each item is a dictionary with the following options defining the
  configuration parameter:

  **comment** (string, mandatory)
    Comment that will be shown in the file just above the configuration option.

  **option** (string, mandatory)
    Name of configuration option.

  **value** (string, mandatory)
    Value for configuration option.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting some common LDAP client options:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  ldap_client_config:
    - comment: Set the base DN
      option: BASE
      value: dc=example,dc=com
    - comment: Set the default URI
      option: URI
      value: ldap://ldap.example.com/
    - comment: Set the truststore for TLS/SSL
      option: TLS_CACERT
      value: /etc/ssl/certs/example_ca.pem
    - commment: Force basic server certificate verification
      option: TLS_REQCERT
      value: demand
    - comment: Disable CRL checks for server certificate
      option: TLS_CRLCHECK
      value: none


LDAP Server
-----------

The ``ldap_server`` role can be used for setting-up an OpenLDAP server on
destination machine.

The role implements the following:

* Deploys LDAP TLS private key and certificate.
* Configures TLS versions and ciphers suppported by the server.
* Installs OpenLDAP server (package ``slapd``).
* Configures OpenLDAP server (base DN - domain, organisation, TLS, SSF, log levels).
* Sets-up separate log file for OpenLDAP server at ``/var/log/slapd.log`` (with
  log rotation included).
* Enables the ``misc`` LDAP schema (from ``/etc/ldap/schema/misc.ldif``). This
  is necessary for the mail server role.
* Enables the ``memberof`` overlay on top of default database. The overlay is
  configured to keep track of membership changes for object class
  ``groupOfUniqueNames`` via attribute ``uniqueMember``. Enforcement of
  referential integrity is turned on as well (modifications of ``memberof``
  attribute will update corresponding group as well.
* Creates a basic directory structure used by most of the other roles.
* Creates a basic directory structure used by the mail server role.
* Creates login entries for services that need to consume LDAP directory data in
  some way.
* Creates user-supplied groups in LDAP.
* Configures permissions.
* Creates LDAP entries.
* Configures firewall to allow incoming connections to the LDAP server (via both
  TCP 389 and 636).
* Sets the LDAP server administrator's password.


LDIF Templates
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

For adding users, use::

  dn: uid=USERNAME,ou=people,BASE_DN
  objectClass: inetOrgPerson
  objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
  uid: USERNAME
  userPassword: PASSWORD_FROM_SLAPPASSWD
  cn: NAME SURNAME
  sn: SURNAME
  gn: NAME
  displayName: DISPLAYNAME
  initials: INITIALS
  mail: MAIL
  mobile: MOBILE



Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**
* **ldap_client**
* **backup_client**


Backups
~~~~~~~

If the backup for this role has been enabled, the following paths are backed-up:

**/srv/backup/slapd.bak**
  Dump of the LDAP database. LDAP database dump is created every day at 01:45 in
  the morning. This does *not* include the dump of the config database
  (``cn=config``).


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**ldap_admin_password** (string, mandatory)
  Password for the default administrator account of LDAP server (the
  ``cn=admin,DOMAIN`` entry/user).

**ldap_entries** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of entries that should be kept in the LDAP directory. Each item is a
  dictionary describing a single LDAP entry with the following keys:

  **dn** (string, mandatory)
    LDAP DN entry.

  **state** (string, optional, ``present``)
    Whether the entry should be present or not. Value can be anything supported
    by the ``ldap_entry`` module.

  **attributes** (dictionary, mandatory)
    Dictionary describing remaining attributes (except ``dn``). The keys in this
    dictionary should be the attribute names. The values should be either
    strings, for setting a single attribute value, or a list of strings if it is
    necessary to set multiple values for the same attribute.

**ldap_permissions** (list, optional, ``see below``)
  List of LDAP access rules to apply to base DN served by the LDAP server. The
  listed access control rules will *replace* all existing rules, and will be
  added in the same order they are listed in. Each item is a string that
  constitutes a single access control rule. The format should be the same as
  described in `OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide
  <http://www.openldap.org/doc/admin24/access-control.html#Access%20Control%20via%20Dynamic%20Configuration>`.

  Default value is:

  .. code-block:: yaml

    - >
      to *
      by dn.exact=gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth manage
      by * break
    - >
      to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange
      by self write
      by anonymous auth
      by dn="cn=admin,BASEDN" write
      by * none
    - >
      to dn.base=""
      by * read
    - >
      to *
      by self write
      by dn="cn=admin,BASEDN" write
      by * none

**ldap_server_consumers** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of items describing additional login entries that should be created for
  services that want to be able to log-in into the LDAP server and consume the
  data present within. Each item should be a dictionary, with the following keys
  avaialable:

  - **name** (name of the service, mandatory, this will be used to construct the
    login entry DN in format of ``cn=NAME,ou=services,BASE_DN``)
  - **password** (password for the login entry, mandatory)
  - **state** (state of the service, optional, defaults to ``present``, this
    should be ``present`` or ``absent``, allowing for removal of old services)

**ldap_server_groups** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of groups that should be created in the LDAP directory. Each item should
  be a dictionary containing the following keys:

  - **name** (name of the group, mandatory, this will be used to construct the
    group DN in format of ``cn=NAME,ou=groups,BASE_DN``)
  - **state** (state of the group, optional, defaults to ``present``, this
    should be ``present`` or ``absent``, allowing for removal of old groups)

**ldap_server_domain** (string, optional, ``{{ ansible_domain }}``)
  Domain that should be used for constructing the base DN of default user LDAP
  database. This should be a sub-domain dedicated to organisation. The base DN
  will be constructed by putting all elements of the sub-domain as ``dc``
  entries (as per standard Debian convention). I.e. ``example.com`` would get
  transformed into ``dc=example,dc=com``.

**ldap_server_organization** (string, optional, ``Private``)
  Organization that should be specified in the base DN entry.

**ldap_server_log_level** (string, optional, ``256``)
  Log level to use for the server. This should be compatible with OpenLDAP
  configuration option ``olcLogLevel``. See `OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide
  <http://www.openldap.org/doc/admin24/slapdconf2.html#cn=config>` for value
  description and syntax.

**ldap_server_tls_certificate** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/' ansible_fqdn + '_ldap.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate used for TLS for LDAP service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/certs/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_ldap.pem``.

**ldap_server_tls_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_private_key_dir + '/' ansible_fqdn + '_ldap.key') }}``)
  Private key used for TLS for LDAP service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/private/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_ldap.key``.

**ldap_server_ssf** (number, optional, ``128``)
  Minimum *Security Strength Factor* to require from all incoming
  connections. This applies for both remote and local connections.

**ldap_tls_ciphers** (string, optional ``NONE:+VERS-TLS1.2:+CTYPE-X509:+COMP-NULL:+SIGN-RSA-SHA256:+SIGN-RSA-SHA384:+SIGN-RSA-SHA512:+DHE-RSA:+ECDHE-RSA:+SHA256:+SHA384:+AEAD:+AES-128-GCM:+AES-128-CBC:+AES-256-GCM:+AES-256-CBC:+CURVE-ALL``)
  TLS ciphers to enable on the LDAP server. This should be a GnuTLS-compatible
  cipher specification that should also include what TLS protocol versions
  should be used. Value should be compatible with OpenLDAP server option
  ``olcTLSCipherSuite``. Default value allows only TLSv1.2 and strong PFS
  ciphers.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up LDAP server:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  ldap_server_domain: "example.com"
  ldap_server_organization: "Example Corporation"
  ldap_server_log_level: 256
  ldap_server_tls_certificate: "{{ lookup('file', '~/tls/ldap.example.com_ldap.pem') }}"
  ldap_server_tls_key: "{{ lookup('file', '~/tls/ldap.example.com_ldap.key') }}"
  ldap_server_ssf: 128

  ldap_permissions:
    - >
      to *
      by dn.exact=gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth manage
      by * break
    - >
      to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange
      by self write
      by anonymous auth
      by dn="cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com" write
      by * none
    - >
      to dn.base=""
      by * read
    - >
      to *
      by self write
      by dn="cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com" write
      by users read
      by * none

  ldap_entries:
    - dn: ou=people,dc=example,dc=com
      attributes:
        objectClass: organizationalUnit
        ou: people
    - dn: ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com
      attributes:
        objectClass: organizationalUnit
        ou: groups
    - dn: uid=john,dc=example,dc=com
      attributes:
        objectClass:
          - inetOrgPerson
          - simpleSecurityObject
        userPassword: somepassword
        uid: john
        cn: John Doe
        sn: Doe


XMPP Server
-----------

The ``xmpp_server`` role can be used for setting-up Prosody, an XMPP server, on
destination machine.

The role implements the following:

* Sets-up the Prosody apt repository.
* Deploys XMPP TLS private key and certificate.
* Installs Prosody.
* Configures Prosody.
* Configures firewall to allow incoming connections to the XMPP server.

Prosody is configured as follows:

* Modules enabled: roster, saslauth, tls, dialback, posix, private, vcard,
  version, uptime, time, ping, pep, register, admin_adhoc, announce, legacyauth.
* Self-registration is not allowed.
* TLS is configured. Legacy TLS is available on port 5223.
* Client-to-server communication requires encryption (TLS).
* Authentication is done via LDAP. For setting the LDAP TLS truststore, see
  :ref:`LDAP Client <ldap_client>`.
* Internal storage is used.
* For each domain specified, a dedicated conference/multi-user chat (MUC)
  service is set-up, with FQDN set to ``conference.DOMAIN``.
* For each domain specified, a dedicated file proxy service will be set-up, with
  FQDN set to ``proxy.DOMAIN``.

.. warning::
   Since it is not possible to set-up separate TLS configuration for *c2s* and
   *s2s* connections in Prosody 0.9.x, no hardening of TLS is performed in order
   to improve interoperability. This will be changed in Prosody 0.10.x, at which
   point hardening can be revisited.

Prosody expects a specific directory structure in LDAP when doing look-ups:

* Prosody will log-in to LDAP as user
  ``cn=prosody,ou=services,XMPP_LDAP_BASE_DN``.
* User entries are read from sub-tree (first-level only)
  ``ou=people,XMPP_LDAP_BASE_DN``. Query filter used for finding users is
  ``(&(mail=$user@$host)(memberOf=cn=xmpp,ou=groups,XMPP_LDAP_BASE_DN))``. This
  allows group-based granting of XMPP service to users.


LDIF Templates
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

For adding user to a group, use::

  dn: cn=xmpp,ou=groups,BASE_DN
  changetype: modify
  add: uniqueMember
  uniqueMember: uid=USERNAME,ou=people,BASE_DN


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**
* **backup_client**


Backups
~~~~~~~

If the backup for this role has been enabled, the following paths are backed-up:

**/var/lib/prosody/**
  Roster information, as well as undelivered (offline) messages for all XMPP
  users. Keep in mind that list of available users and their credentials are
  stored in the LDAP directory (which is backed-up via LDAP server role).


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**xmpp_administrators** (list, mandatory)
  List of Prosody users that should be granted administrator privileges over
  Prosody. Each item is a string with value equal to XMPP user ID
  (i.e. ``john.doe@example.com``).

**xmpp_domains** (list, optional, ``{{ ansible_domain }}``)
  List of domains that are served by this Prosody instance. Each item is a
  string specifying a domain.

**xmpp_ldap_base_dn** (string, mandatory)
  Base DN on the LDAP server. A specific directory structure is expected under
  this entry (as explained above) in order to locate the available domains,
  users, aliases etc.

**xmpp_ldap_password** (string, mandatory)
  Password used for authenticating to the LDAP server.

**xmpp_ldap_server** (string, mandatory)
  Fully qualified domain name, hostname, or IP address of the LDAP server used
  for user authentication and listing.

**xmpp_tls_certificate** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/' + fqdn + '_xmpp.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate used for TLS for XMPP service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/certs/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_xmpp.pem``.

**xmpp_tls_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_private_key_dir + '/' + fqdn + '_xmpp.key') }}``)
  Private key used for TLS for XMPP service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/private/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_xmpp.key``.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up XMPP server using Prosody:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  xmpp_administrators:
    - john.doe@example.com
  xmpp_domains:
    - example.com
  xmpp_ldap_base_dn: dc=example,dc=com
  xmpp_ldap_password: xmpp
  xmpp_ldap_server: ldap.example.com
  # These are default key and certificate that generated during Prosody
  # installation. Possibly you want to deploy your own.
  xmpp_tls_key: "{{ lookup('file', '/etc/prosody/certs/localhost.key') }}"
  xmpp_tls_certificate: "{{ lookup('file', '/etc/prosody/certs/localhost.crt') }}"


Mail Server
-----------

.. warning::
   It may happen that the ``clamav-freshclam`` service hasn't finished
   downloading the virus database before the ``clamav-daemon`` and
   ``clamav-milter`` services are enabled during the initial run. If mail server
   is not operational, you may need to wait for a little while for download to
   finish, and then restart the ``clamav-daemon`` and ``clamav-milter``
   services.

The ``mail_server`` role can be used for setting-up a complete mail server
solution, which includes both SMTP and IMAP service, on destination machine.

Postfix is used SMTP, while Dovecot is used for IMAP.

The role implements the following:

* Installs rsync.
* Deploys IMAP/SMTP TLS private keys and certificates.
* Installs and configures Dovecot, Postfix, ClamAV, and ClamAV Milter.
* Purges Exim4 configuration (just in case).
* Sets-up aliases for the local recipients.
* Installs SWAKS (utility for testing SMTP servers).
* Sets-up the necessary directories and files under Postfix chroot.
* Configures firewall to allow incoming connections to the mail server. This
  includes set-up of redirection from TCP port 26 to TCP port 587 (alternate
  SMTP submission port to work around common network blocks).

Deployed services are configured as follows:

* Both Postfix and Dovecot look-up available domains, users, and aliases in
  LDAP.
* Incoming and outgoing mail is scanned with ClamAV (via ClamAV
  Milter). Infected mails are rejected.
* Mail is stored in directory ``/var/MAIL_USER/DOMAIN/USER``, using ``Maildir``
  format.
* TLS is required for user log-ins for both SMTP and IMAP.
* For user submission (SMTP), users must connect and authenticate over TCP
  port 587.
* Configures TLS versions and ciphers supported by Dovecot.
* Configures TLS versions and ciphers supported by Postfix on submission port
  (587). TLS configuration on port 25 is kept intact in order to maintain maximum
  interoperability with other servers.
* RBL's are used for combating spam (if any is specified in configuration, see
  below).
* Postfix is configured to deliver undeliverable bounces to postmaster. This
  helps with detecting misconfigured applications and servers.

Both Postfix and Dovecot expect a specific directory structure in LDAP when
doing look-ups:

* Postfix will log-in to LDAP as user
  ``cn=postfix,ou=services,MAIL_LDAP_BASE_DN``.
* Dovecot will log-in to LDAP as user
  ``cn=dovecot,ou=services,MAIL_LDAP_BASE_DN``.
* Domain entries need to be available as
  ``dc=DOMAIN,ou=domains,ou=mail,ou=services,MAIL_LDAP_BASE_DN``.
* Alias entries need to be available as
  ``cn=ALIAS,ou=aliases,ou=mail,ou=services,MAIL_LDAP_BASE_DN``.
* User entries are read from sub-tree (first-level only)
  ``ou=people,MAIL_LDAP_BASE_DN``. Query filter used for finding users is
  ``(&(mail=%s)(memberOf=cn=mail,ou=groups,MAIL_LDAP_BASE_DN))``. This allows
  group-based granting of mail services to users.


LDIF Templates
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

For adding domains, use::

  dn: dc=DOMAIN,ou=domains,ou=mail,ou=services,BASE_DN
  objectClass: dNSDomain
  dc: DOMAIN

For adding aliases, use::

  dn: cn=ALIAS,ou=aliases,ou=mail,ou=services,BASE_DN
  objectClass: nisMailAlias
  cn: ALIAS
  rfc822MailMember: REALEMAIL

For adding user to a group, use::

  dn: cn=mail,ou=groups,BASE_DN
  changetype: modify
  add: uniqueMember
  uniqueMember: uid=USERNAME,ou=people,BASE_DN


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**
* **backup_client**


Backups
~~~~~~~

If the backup for this role has been enabled, the following paths are backed-up:

**/var/{{ mail_user }}**
  All data stored by the mail server, including mails and Sieve scripts. Keep in
  mind that list of available users and their credentials are stored in the LDAP
  directory (which is backed-up via LDAP server role).


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**mail_ldap_base_dn** (string, mandatory)
  Base DN on the LDAP server. A specific directory structure is expected under
  this entry (as explained above) in order to locate the available domains,
  users, aliases etc.

**mail_ldap_url** (string, mandatory)
  LDAP URL that should be used for connecting to the LDAP server for doing
  domain/user look-ups.

**mail_ldap_tls_truststore** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/truststore.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate chain used for issuing certificate for the LDAP service. The
  file will be stored in locations ``/etc/ssl/certs/mail_ldap_tls_truststore.pem``
  and ``/var/spool/postfix/etc/ssl/certs/mail_ldap_tls_truststore.pem``.

**mail_ldap_postfix_password** (string, mandatory)
  Password for authenticating the Postfix LDAP user.

**mail_ldap_dovecot_password** (string, mandatory)
  Password for authenticating the Dovecot LDAP user.

**mail_server_tls_protocols** (list, optional, ``[ "TLSv1.2" ]``)
  List of TLS protocols the mail server should support. Each value specified
  should be compatible with Postfix configuration option
  ``smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols`` and Dovecot configuration option
  ``ssl_protocols``.

**mail_server_tls_ciphers** (string, optional ``DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:!aNULL:!MD5:!EXPORT``)
  TLS ciphers to enable on the mail server (for IMAP and SMTP submission). This
  should be an OpenSSL-compatible cipher specification. Value should be
  compatible with Postfix configuration option ``tls_high_cipherlist`` and
  Dovecot configuration option ``ssl_cipher_list``. Default value allows only
  TLSv1.2 and strong PFS ciphers.

**mail_user** (string, optional, ``vmail``)
  Name of the user that owns all the mail files.

**mail_user_uid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
  UID of the user that owns all the mail files.

**mail_user_gid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
  GID of the user that owns all the mail files.

**imap_max_user_connections_per_ip** (integer, optional, ``10``)
  Maximum number of IMAP connections from a single IP for a single user. Default
  value can be considered rather low, since two devices (computer and phone)
  will easily reach it.

**imap_tls_certificate** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/' ansible_fqdn + '_imap.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate used for TLS for IMAP service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/certs/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_imap.pem``.

**imap_tls_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_private_key_dir + '/' ansible_fqdn + '_imap.key') }}``)
  Private key used for TLS for IMAP service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/private/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_imap.key``.

**local_mail_aliases** (dictionary, optional, ``{}``)
  Dictionary defining the local aliases. Aliases defined this way will either be
  appended to default aliases on the server, or replace the existing entries (if
  the alias/recipient is already present). Keys in the dictionary are the local
  recipients/aliases, while the value provided should be a space-separated list
  of mail addresses (or local users) where the mails should be forwarded.

**smtp_tls_certificate** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/' ansible_fqdn + '_smtp.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate used for TLS for SMTP service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/certs/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_smtp.pem``.

**smtp_tls_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_private_key_dir + '/' ansible_fqdn + '_smtp.key') }}``)
  Private key used for TLS for SMTP service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/private/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_smtp.key``.

**imap_folder_separator** (string, optional, ``/``)
  Character used for separating the IMAP folders when clients are requesting
  listing from the server. Usually either slash(``/``) or dot(``.``).

**smtp_rbl** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of RBLs to use for detecting servers which send out spam. Each item is a
  string resembling the RBL domain.

**mail_postmaster** (string, optional, ``postmaster@{{ ansible_domain}}``)
  Mail address to use for the postmaster account in Dovecot.

**smtp_allow_relay_from** (list, optional, [])
  List of networks from which mail relaying is allowed even without
  authentication. Each item in the list is a string defining a network. The
  format must be compatible with Postfix ``mynetworks`` setting (for example:
  ``192.168.1.0/24``, ``myhost.example.com`` etc).


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up XMPP server using Prosody:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  mail_ldap_url: ldap://ldap.example.com/
  mail_ldap_tls_truststore: /etc/ssl/certs/truststore.pem
  mail_ldap_base_dn: dc=example,dc=com
  mail_ldap_postfix_password: postfix
  mail_ldap_dovecot_password: dovecot

  mail_user: vmail
  mail_user_uid: 5000
  mail_user_gid: 5000

  # All mails sent to local user root will be forwarded to external account as
  # well.
  local_mail_aliases:
    root: "root john.doe@example.com"

  imap_tls_certificate: "{{ lookup('file', '~/tls/mail.example.com_imap.pem') }}"
  imap_tls_key: "{{ lookup('file', '~/tls/mail.example.com_imap.key') }}"
  smtp_tls_certificate: "{{ lookup('file', '~/tls/mail.example.com_smtp.pem') }}"
  smtp_tls_key: "{{ lookup('file', '~/tls/mail.example.com_smtp.key') }}"
  imap_folder_separator: /
  smtp_rbl:
    - bl.spamcop.net
    - zen.spamhaus.org
  mail_postmaster: postmaster@example.com

  smtp_allow_relay_from:
    - ldap.example.com
    - xmpp.example.com

  imap_max_user_connections_per_ip: 50


Mail Forwarder
--------------

The ``mail_forwarder`` role can be used for setting-up a local SMTP server for
sending out mails and receiving mails for local users. The SMTP server is
provided by Postfix.

SMTP service on server set-up this way is not meant to be exposed to the
Internet directly, and should receive delivery failures from the relay server
instead.

The role implements the following:

* Installs and configures Postfix.
* Purges Exim4 configuration (just in case).
* Sets-up aliases for the local recipients.
* Installs SWAKS (utility for testing SMTP servers).
* Configures firewall to accept SMTP connections from SMTP relay (if one has
  been configured). This allows for delivery of bounced e-mails.

Postfix is configured as follows:

* Local destinations are set-up.
* A relay host is set.
* TLS is enforced for relaying mails, with configurable truststore for server
  certificate verification if SMTP relay is used. If SMTP relay is not used
  (configured), no certificate verification is done.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**local_mail_aliases** (dictionary, optional, ``[]``)
  Dictionary defining the local aliases. Aliases defined this way will either be
  appended to default aliases on the server, or replace the existing entries (if
  the alias/recipient is already present). Keys in the dictionary are the local
  recipients/aliases, while the value provided should be a space-separated list
  of mail addresses (or local users) where the mails should be forwarded.

**smtp_relay_host** (string, optional, ``None``)
  SMTP server via which the mails are sent out for non-local recipients.

**smtp_relay_truststore** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/truststore.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate chain used for issuing certificate for the SMTP relay
  service. The file will be stored in location
  ``/etc/ssl/certs/smtp_relay_truststore.pem``


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)
- Debian 9 (Stretch)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up the mail forwarder:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  # All mails sent to local user root will be forwarded to external account as
  # well.
  local_mail_aliases:
    root: "root john.doe@example.com"

  smtp_relay_host: mail.example.com

  smtp_relay_truststore: /etc/ssl/certs/example_ca_chain.pem


Web Server
----------

The ``web_server`` role can be used for setting-up a web server on destination
machine.

The role is supposed to be very lightweight, providing a basis for deployment of
web applications.

The role implements the following:

* Installs and configures nginx with a single, default vhost with a small static
  index page.
* Deploys the HTTPS TLS private key and certificate (for default vhost).
* Configures TLS versions and ciphers supported by Nginx.
* Configures firewall to allow incoming connections to the web server.
* Installs and configures virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper as a common base for
  Python apps.
* Installs and configures PHP FPM as a common base for PHP apps.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**default_enforce_https** (boolean, optional, ``True``)
  Specify if HTTPS should be enforced for the default virtual host or not. If
  enforced, clients connecting via plaintext will be redirected to HTTPS, and
  clients will be served with ``Strict-Transport-Security`` header with value of
  ``max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains``.

**default_https_tls_certificate** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/' + ansible_fqdn + '_https.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate used for TLS for HTTPS service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/certs/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_https.pem``.

**default_https_tls_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_private_key_dir + '/' + ansible_fqdn + '_https.key') }}``)
  Private key used for TLS for HTTPS service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/private/`` under name ``{{ ansible_fqdn }}_https.key``.

**web_default_title** (string, optional, ``Welcome``)
  Title for the default web page shown to users (if no other vhosts were matched).

**web_default_message** (string, optional, ``You are attempting to access the web server using a wrong name or an IP address. Please check your URL.``)
  Message for the default web page shown to users (if no other vhosts were
  matched).

**web_server_tls_protocols** (list, optional, ``[ "TLSv1.2" ]``)
  List of TLS protocols the web server should support. Each value specified
  should be compatible with Nginx configuration option ``ssl_protocols``.

**web_server_tls_ciphers** (string, optional ``DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:!aNULL:!MD5:!EXPORT``)
  TLS ciphers to enable on the web server. This should be an OpenSSL-compatible
  cipher specification. Value should be compatible with Nginx configuration
  option ``ssl_ciphers``. Default value allows only TLSv1.2 and strong PFS
  ciphers.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up web server:

.. code-block:: yaml

  ---

  default_https_tls_key: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/tls/web.example.com_https.key') }}"
  default_https_tls_certificate: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/tls/web.example.com_https.pem') }}"

  web_default_title: "Welcome to Example Inc."
  web_default_message: "You are attempting to access the web server using a wrong name or an IP address. Please check your URL."


PHP Website
-----------

The ``php_website`` role can be used for setting-up a website powered by PHP on
destination machine.

This role is normally not supposed to be used directly, but should instead serve
as the basis for writing website-specific roles. Therefore the role is written
in quite generic way, allowing the integrator to write his/her own logic for
deploying the necessary PHP applications, while still reusing a common base and
reducing the workload.

The role implements the following:

* Creates a dedicated user/group for running the PHP scripts.
* Creates a dedicated administrator user for maintaining the website.
* Creates a base directory where the website-specific code and data should be
  stored at.
* Adds nginx to website's group, so nginx could read the necessary files.
* Adds website administrator to website's group, so administrator could manage
  the code and data.
* Installs additional packages required for running the role (as configured).
* Deploys the HTTPS TLS private key and certificate (for website vhost).
* Configures PHP FPM and nginx to serve the website.

The role is implemented with the following layout/logic in mind:

* Website users are named after the ``FQDN`` (fully qualified domain name) of
  website, in format of ``web-ESCAPEDFQDN``, where ``ESCAPEDFQDN`` is equal to
  ``FQDN`` where dots have been replaced by underscores (for example,
  ``web-cloud_example_com``).
* Website users are set-up via GECOS field to have their umask set to ``0007``
  (in combination with ``pam_umask``).
* Administrator users are named after the ``FQDN`` (fully qualified domain name)
  of website, in format of ``admin-ESCAPEDFQDN``, where ``ESCAPEDFQDN`` is equal
  to ``FQDN`` where dots have been replaced by underscores (for example,
  ``admin-cloud_example_com``).
* All websites reside within a dedicated sub-directory in ``/var/www``. The
  sub-directory name is equal to the ``FQDN`` used for accessing the
  website. Owner of the directory is set to be the application administrator,
  while group is set to be the website group. Additionally, ``SGID`` bit is set
  on the directory. This allows admin, with correct umask, to create necessary
  files and directories that should be readable (and eventually writeable) by
  the website user (running the PHP scripts) without having to become root.
* All files placed in the website directory should be either created there
  directly, or copied to the directory in order to make sure the ``SGID`` gets
  honored. **Do not move the files, the permissions will not be set correctly.**
* Within the website directory, nginx/php5-fpm will expect to find the relevant
  files within the htdocs sub-directory (this can be symlink too).
* nginx communicates with PHP FPM over a dedicated Unix socket for each website.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**
* **web_server**


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**additional_fpm_config** (dict, optional, ``{}``)
  Additional PHP FPM configuration options that should be included for PHP
  website's pool. Keys are parameter names, values are associated values. Don't
  forget to include quotes in the value itself if expected value type is string.

**additional_nginx_config** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List providing additional Nginx configuration options to include. This can be
  useful for specifying things like error pages. Options are applied inside of a
  **server** context of Nginx configuration file.

  Each item is a dictionary with the following options describing the extra
  configuration option:

  **comment** (string, mandatory)
    Comment describing the configuration option.

  **value** (string, mandatory)
    Configuration option.

**admin_uid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
  UID of the dedicated website administrator user. The user will be member of
  website group.

**deny_files_regex** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of regular expressions for matching files/locations to which the web
  server should deny access. This is useful to block access to any sensitive
  files that should not be served directly by the web server. The format must be
  compatible with regular expressions used by ``nginx`` for ``location ~``
  syntax.

**enforce_https** (boolean, optional, ``True``)
  Specify if HTTPS should be enforced for the website or not. If enforced,
  clients connecting via plaintext will be redirected to HTTPS, and clients will
  be served with ``Strict-Transport-Security`` header with value of
  ``max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains``.

**environment_indicator** (dictionary, optional, ``null``)
  Specify configuration for including environment indicator on all HTML
  pages. Indicator is a simple strip at bottom of a page with custom background
  colour, text colour, and text.

  Specifying environment indicator is useful for avoiding mistakes when testing
  by having better visibility what environment you are in
  (production/staging/test).

  The following keys need to be specified:

  **background_colour** (string, mandatory)
    Background colour to use for the strip at bottom. This should be value
    compatible with CSS ``background-color`` attribute.

  **text_colour** (string, mandatory
    Text colour to use for the strip at bottom. This should be value compatible
    with CSS ``color`` attribute.

  **text** (string, mandatory)
    Text to show in show in the strip at bottom.

**fqdn** (string, mandatory)
  Fully-qualified domain name where the website is reachable. This value is used
  for calculating the user/group name for dedicated website user, as well as
  home directory of the website user (where data/code should be stored at).

**index** (string, optional, ``index.php``)
  Space-separated list of files which should be treated as index files by the
  web server. The web server will attempt opening these index files, in
  succession, until the first match, or until it runs out of matches, when a
  client requests an URI pointing to directory.

**https_tls_certificate** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/' + fqdn + '_https.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate used for TLS for HTTPS service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/certs/`` under name ``{{ fqdn }}_https.pem``.

**https_tls_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_private_key_dir + '/' + fqdn + '_https.key') }}``)
  Private key used for TLS for HTTPS service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/private/`` under name ``{{ fqdn }}_https.key``.

**php_file_regex** (string, optional, ``\.php$``)
  Regular expression used for determining which file should be interepted via
  PHP.

**php_rewrite_urls** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of rewrite rules that are applied to incoming requests. These rewrite
  rules are specifically targetted at prettying-up the URLs used by the PHP
  scripts. Each element of the list should be a string value compatible with the
  format of ``nginx`` option ``rewrite``. The keyword ``rewrite`` itself should
  be omitted, as well as trailing semi-colon (``;``).

**rewrites** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of rewrite rules that are applied to incoming requests. Each element of
  the list should be a string value compatible with the format of ``nginx``
  option ``rewrite``. The keyword ``rewrite`` itself should be omitted, as well
  as trailing semi-colon (``;``).

**packages** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of additional packages to install for this particular PHP
  appliction. This is usually going to be different PHP extensions.

**uid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
  UID/GID (they are set-up to be the same) of the dedicated website
  user/group.

**website_mail_recipients** (string, optional, ``root``)
  Space-separated list of e-mails or local users to which the mails, sent to
  either the website admin or website user, should be forwarded to. Forwarding
  is configured via ``~/.forward`` configuration file.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up two (base) PHP websites (for
running *ownCloud* and *The Bug Genie* applications):

.. code-block:: yaml

    - role: php_website
      fqdn: cloud.example.com
      uid: 2001
      php_file_regex: \.php($|/)
      rewrites:
        - ^/\.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta
        - ^/\.well-known/host-meta\.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
        - ^/\.well-known/carddav /remote.php/carddav/ redirect
        - ^/\.well-known/caldav /remote.php/caldav/ redirect
        - ^/apps/calendar/caldav\.php /remote.php/caldav/
        - ^/apps/contacts/carddav\.php /remote.php/carddav/
        - ^/remote/(.*) /remote.php
      deny_files_regex:
        - ^(\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console|build/|tests/|config/|lib/|3rdparty/|templates/).*
      packages:
        # For ownCloud
        - php5-gd
        - php5-json
        - php5-mysql
        - php5-curl
      https_tls_key: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/tls/cloud.example.com_https.key') }}"
      https_tls_certificate: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/tls/cloud.example.com_https.pem') }}"
      additional_nginx_config:
        - comment: Use custom page for forbidden files.
          value: error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
        - comment: Use custom page for non-existing locations/files.
          value: error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
      additional_fpm_config:
        "env[PATH]": "\"/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin\""
      website_mail_recipients: "root john.doe@example.com"
      environment_indicator:
        background_colour: "green"
        text_colour: "black"
        text: "TEST ENVIRONMENT"
    - role: php_website
      deny_files_regex:
        - ^\..*
      php_rewrite_urls:
        - ^(.*) /index.php?url=$1
      fqdn: tbg.example.com
      uid: 2007
      https_tls_key: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/tls/tbg.example.com_https.key') }}"
      https_tls_certificate: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/tls/tbg.example.com_https.pem') }}"


WSGI Website
------------

The ``wsgi_website`` role can be used for setting-up a website powered by Python
on destination machine. The website needs to use the WSGI specification for
making the Python web application(s) available.

This role is normally not supposed to be used directly, but should instead serve
as the basis for writing website-specific roles. Therefore the role is written
in quite generic way, allowing the integrator to write his/her own logic for
deploying the necessary Python applications/packages, while still reusing a
common base and reducing the workload.

The role implements the following:

* Creates a dedicated user/group for running the WSGI application.
* Creates a dedicated administrator user for maintaining the website.
* Creates a base directory where the website-specific code and data should be
  stored at.
* Adds nginx to website's group, so nginx could read the necessary files.
* Adds website administrator to website's group, so administrator could manage
  the code and data.
* Installs additional packages required for running the role (as configured).
* Sets-up a dedicated Python virtual environment for website.
* Install ``futures`` package in Python virtual environment (required for
  Gunicorn in combination withg Python 2.7).
* Install Gunicorn in Python virtual environment.
* Installs additional packages required for running the role in Python virtual
  environment (as configured).
* Configures systemd to run the website code (using Gunicorn)
* Deploys the HTTPS TLS private key and certificate (for website vhost).
* Configures nginx to serve the website (static files served directly, requests
  passed on to Gunicorn).

The role is implemented with the following layout/logic in mind:

* Website users are named after the ``FQDN`` (fully qualified domain name) of
  website, in format of ``web-ESCAPEDFQDN``, where ``ESCAPEDFQDN`` is equal to
  ``FQDN`` where dots have been replaced by underscores (for example,
  ``web-wiki_example_com``).
* Website users are set-up via GECOS field to have their umask set to ``0007``
  (in combination with ``pam_umask``).
* Administrator users are named after the ``FQDN`` (fully qualified domain name)
  of website, in format of ``admin-ESCAPEDFQDN``, where ``ESCAPEDFQDN`` is equal
  to ``FQDN`` where dots have been replaced by underscores (for example,
  ``admin-cloud_example_com``).
* All websites reside within a dedicated sub-directory in ``/var/www``. The
  sub-directory name is equal to the ``FQDN`` used for accessing the
  website. Owner of the directory is set to be the application administrator,
  while group is set to be the website group. Additionally, ``SGID`` bit is set
  on the directory. This allows admin, with correct umask, to create necessary
  files and directories that should be readable (and eventually writeable) by
  the website user (running the WSGI application) without having to become root.
* All files placed in the website directory should be either created there
  directly, or copied to the directory in order to make sure the ``SGID`` gets
  honored. **Do not move the files, the permissions will not be set correctly.**
* Within the website directory, Python virtual environment can be found within
  the ``virtualenv`` sub-directory. Switching to administrator user via login
  shell will automatically activate the virtual environment.
* Within the website directory, nginx will expect to find the static files
  within the ``htdocs`` sub-directory (this can be symlink too). Locations/aliases
  can be configured for static file serving.
* Within the website directory, systemd service will expect to find the website
  code within the ``code`` sub-directory (this can be symlink too).
* nginx communicates with WSGI server over a dedicated Unix socket for each
  website.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**
* **web_server**


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**additional_nginx_config** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List providing additional Nginx configuration options to include. This can be
  useful for specifying things like error pages. Options are applied inside of a
  **server** context of Nginx configuration file.

  Each item is a dictionary with the following options describing the extra
  configuration option:

  **comment** (string, mandatory)
    Comment describing the configuration option.

  **value** (string, mandatory)
    Configuration option.

**admin_uid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
  UID of the dedicated website administrator user. The user will be member of
  website group.

**enforce_https** (boolean, optional, ``True``)
  Specify if HTTPS should be enforced for the website or not. If enforced,
  clients connecting via plaintext will be redirected to HTTPS, and clients will
  be served with ``Strict-Transport-Security`` header with value of
  ``max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains``.

**environment_indicator** (dictionary, optional, ``null``)
  Specify configuration for including environment indicator on all HTML
  pages. Indicator is a simple strip at bottom of a page with custom background
  colour, text colour, and text.

  Specifying environment indicator is useful for avoiding mistakes when testing
  by having better visibility what environment you are in
  (production/staging/test).

  The following keys need to be specified:

  **background_colour** (string, mandatory)
    Background colour to use for the strip at bottom. This should be value
    compatible with CSS ``background-color`` attribute.

  **text_colour** (string, mandatory
    Text colour to use for the strip at bottom. This should be value compatible
    with CSS ``color`` attribute.

  **text** (string, mandatory)
    Text to show in show in the strip at bottom.

**environment_variables** (dict, optional, ``{}``)
  Specify additional environment variables that should be set for running the
  service. Environment variables will be set in both the systemd service and for
  the application's administrator user (when logged in as one).

**fqdn** (string, mandatory)
  Fully-qualified domain name where the website is reachable. This value is used
  for calculating the user/group name for dedicated website user, as well as
  home directory of the website user (where data/code should be stored at).

**futures_version** (string, optional, ``3.1.1``)
  Version of ``futures`` package to deploy in virtual environment. Required by
  Gunicorn when using Python 2.7. Default version is tested with the test site.

**gunicorn_version** (string, optional, ``19.7.1``)
  Version of Gunicorn to deploy in virtual environment for running the WSGI
  application. Default version is tested with the test site.

**https_tls_certificate** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_certificate_dir + '/' + fqdn + '_https.pem') }}``)
  X.509 certificate used for TLS for HTTPS service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/certs/`` under name ``{{ fqdn }}_https.pem``.

**https_tls_key** (string, optional, ``{{ lookup('file', tls_private_key_dir + '/' + fqdn + '_https.key') }}``)
  Private key used for TLS for HTTPS service. The file will be stored in
  directory ``/etc/ssl/private/`` under name ``{{ fqdn }}_https.key``.

**packages** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of additional packages to install for this particular WSGI
  website. This is usually going to be development libraries for building Python
  packages.

**proxy_headers** (dictionary, optional, ``{}``)
  Additional headers to set when proxying request to Gunicorn. Keys are header
  names, values are header values. Both should be compatible with Nginx
  ``proxy_set_header``. If you need to provide an empty value, use quotes (don't
  forget to surround them by another set of quotes for YAML syntax, for example
  ``"\"\""`` or ``'""'``).

**rewrites** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of rewrite rules that are applied to incoming requests. Each element of
  the list should be a string value compatible with the format of ``nginx``
  option ``rewrite``. The keyword ``rewrite`` itself should be omitted, as well
  as trailing semi-colon (``;``).

**static_locations** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of locations that should be treated as static-only, and not processed by
  the WSGI application at all. This is normally used for designating serving of
  static/media files by Nginx (for example, in case of Django projects for
  ``/static/`` and ``/media/``).

**uid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
  UID/GID (they are set-up to be the same) of the dedicated website
  user/group.

**use_paste** (boolean, optional, ``False``)
  Tell Gunicorn to assume that the passed-in ``wsgi_application`` value is a
  filename of a Python Paste ``ini`` file instead of WSGI application.

**virtuaelnv_packages** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  A list of additional packages to install for this particular WSGI appliction
  in its virtual environment using ``pip``.

**website_mail_recipients** (string, optional, ``root``)
  Space-separated list of e-mails or local users to which the mails, sent to
  either the website admin or website user, should be forwarded to. Forwarding
  is configured via ``~/.forward`` configuration file.

**wsgi_application** (string, mandatory)
  WSGI application that should be started by Gunicorn. The format should be
  conformant to what the ``gunicorn`` command-line tool accepts. If the
  ``use_paste`` option is enabled, the value should be equal to filename of the
  Python Paste ini file, located in the ``code`` sub-directory. It should be
  noted that in either case the value should be specsified relative to the
  ``code`` sub-directory. I.e. don't use full paths.

**wsgi_requirements** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  Complete list of pip requirements used for deploying Gunicorn. If specified,
  this list will be used to create requirements file and install Gunicorn and
  its dependencies from that one. This allows to have pinned packages for both
  Gunicorn, futures, and their dependencies.

  It should be noted that this installation method is meant primarily in case of
  roles that want to take advantage of upgrade checks for pip requirements
  files, and that employ `pip-tools <https://github.com/jazzband/pip-tools>`_.

  In addition to change of installation method, when this parameter is specified
  the role will deploy necessary files for running the pip requirements upgrade
  check (see the ``common`` role for description). For this a directory is
  created under ``/etc/pip_check_requirements_upgrades/FQDN``. The same
  directory should be used by dependant roles to deploy their own ``.in`` and
  ``.txt`` files. Make sure the file ownership is set to ``root:pipreqcheck``.

  Should you need to utilise the requirements file in some manner (other than
  checking for its upgrades), it will be also stored (and made accessible to
  application user/admin)) in application's home directory under the name
  ``.wsgi_requirements.txt``.

  To create complete requirements list, it is recommended to use `pip-tools
  <https://github.com/jazzband/pip-tools>`_ (the ``pip-compile`` utility) with
  ``gunicorn`` and ``futures`` in the ``.in.`` file.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up a (base) WSGI website (for
running a bare Django project):

.. code-block:: yaml

    # Sample for a Django installation.
    - role: wsgi_website
      fqdn: django.example.com
      static_locations:
        - /static
        - /media
      uid: 2004
      virtualenv_packages:
        - django
      wsgi_application: django_example_com.wsgi:application
      environment_variables:
        DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE: "django_example_com.settings.production"
      https_tls_key: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/tls/wsgi.example.com_https.key') }}"
      https_tls_certificate: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/tls/wsgi.example.com_https.pem') }}"
      futures_version: 3.0.5
      gunicorn_version: 19.6.0
      additional_nginx_config:
        - comment: Use custom page for forbidden files.
          value: error_page 403 /static/403.html;
        - comment: Use custom page for non-existing locations/files.
          value: error_page 404 /static/404.html;
      website_mail_recipients: "root john.doe@example.com"
      environment_indicator:
        background_colour: "green"
        text_colour: "black"
        text: "TEST ENVIRONMENT"
      proxy_headers:
        Accept-Encoding: '""'

    # Use wsgi_requirements to deploy Gunicorn.
    - role: wsgi_website
      fqdn: wsgi.example.com
      wsgi_application: wsgi:main
      wsgi_requirements:
        - gunicorn==19.7.1
	- futures==3.1.1


Database Server
---------------

The ``database_server`` role can be used for setting-up a MariaDB database
server on destination machine.

The role implements the following:

* Installs MariaDB server and client.
* Configures MariaDB server and client to use *UTF-8* encoding by default.
* Sets password for the database root user.
* Deploys MariaDB client configuration in location ``/root/.my.cnf`` that
  contains username and password for the root database user.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**db_root_password** (string, mandatory)
  Password for the *root* database user.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up the database server:

.. code-block:: yaml

   ---

   db_root_password: root


Database
--------

The ``database`` role can be used for creating a MariaDB database and
accompanying user on destination machine.

The role implements the following:

* Creates MariaDB database.
* Creates a dedicated user capable of performing any operation on the created
  database. Username is set to be same as the name of database.
* Sets-up pre-backup task that creates database dump in location
  ``/srv/backup/mariadb/{{ db_name }}.sql``.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **database_server**
* **backup_client**


Backups
~~~~~~~

If the backup for this role has been enabled, the following paths are backed-up:

**/srv/backup/maraidb/{{ db_name }}.sql**
  Dump of the database. Database dump is created every day at 01:45 in the
  morning.


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**db_name** (string, mandatory)
  Name of the database that should be created.

**db_password** (string, mandatory)
  Password for the database user.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for creating a single database (for some
website):

.. code-block:: yaml

  - role: database
    db_name: phpinfo_example_com
    db_password: phpinfo_example_com


Backup Server
-------------

The ``backup_server`` role can be used for setting-up a server to act as backup
storage for the backup clients. Storage is made available to the clients
exclusively via SFTP on a dedicated port and dedicated OpenSSH server
instance. This instance is specifically configured and tailored for this
purpose.

The role is primarily aimed for use with `Duplicity
<http://duplicity.nongnu.org/>`_, but should be also usable for generic SFTP
uploads.

The role implements the following:

* Installs backup software (Duplicity, Duply).
* Creates a dedicated directory structure for backups with the following structure:

  * ``/srv/backups/`` - main directory under which all the backups reside.
  * ``/srv/backups/SERVER_NAME/`` - home directory for the backup user, name
    after the server. Backup users are confined to their respective home
    directory via chroot. Backup users can't write to their own home directory,
    though.
  * ``/srv/backups/SERVER_NAME/duplicity/`` - directory where the Duplicity
    backups are stored at. This directory is writable by the respective backup
    user.
  * ``SERVER_NAME/.ssh/`` - directory where authorized keys are stored. Backup
    user is not allowed to make modifications to this directory and files
    contained within (i.e. backup users can't add more keys to the
    ``authorized_keys`` file).
* Creates dedicated operating system users for backup clients. These users will
  be made members of the ``backup`` group as well (as an additional group).
* Sets-up ``authorized_keys`` for the backup clients.
* Makes sure the backup users can't log-in via regular OpenSSH server instance.
* Sets-up dedicated OpenSSH server instances to be used exclusively by backup
  clients. The instance listens on TCP port ``2222``.
* Updates firewall to allow incoming TCP connections to port
  ``2222``. Connections are allowed only from the configured IP addresses
  associated with backup clients.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **common**


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**backup_clients** (list, optional)
  List of backup clients that are connecting to the backup server. This is
  usually done on a per-server basis. Each item in the list is a dictionary
  describing the backup client. The following keys are available:

  **server** (string, mandatory)
    Name of the server that is backed up. It is highly recommended to use
    server's FQDN for this purpose. The dedicated operating system user created
    will have the name of format ``bak-ESCAPED_SERVER_NAME``, where
    ``ESCAPED_SERVER_NAME`` is calculated by taking the passed-in server name
    and replacing all dots (``.``) with undescores (``_``). For example,
    ``web.example.com`` will be turned into ``bak-web_example_com``.

  **uid** (integer, optional, ``whatever OS picks``)
    Uid for the operating system user. User's default group will have a GID
    identical to the user's UID if specified. Otherwise user's default group
    will have OS-determined GID.

  **ip** (IPv4 address, mandatory)
    IPv4 address from which the backup client server is connecting to the backup
    server. Used for introducing stricter firewall rules.

  **public_key** (string, mandatory)
    SSH public key used by backup client to connect to the backup server.

**backup_host_ssh_private_keys** (dictionary, mandatory)
  Defines host keys used for the dedicated OpenSSH server instance for
  backup. Key values that must be provided are: **dsa**, **rsa**, **ed25519**,
  and **ecdsa**, with values for each one of them corresponding to a private key
  generated using the appropriate algorithm. Keys for this purpose can be easily
  created via commands::

    ssh-keygen -f backup_server_dsa_key -N '' -t dsa
    ssh-keygen -f backup_server_rsa_key -N '' -t rsa
    ssh-keygen -f backup_server_ed25519_key -N '' -t ed25519
    ssh-keygen -f backup_server_ecdsa_key -N '' -t ecdsa


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up the backup server role:

.. code-block:: yaml

  - role: backup_server
    backup_clients:
      - server: web.example.com
        uid: 3000
        public_key: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/web.example.com.pub') }}"
        ip: 10.32.64.18
      - server: mail.example.com
        public_key: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/mail.example.com.pub') }}"
        ip: 10.32.64.15
    backup_host_ssh_private_keys:
      dsa: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/backup_server_dsa_key') }}"
      rsa: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/backup_server_rsa_key') }}"
      ed25519: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/backup_server_ed25519_key') }}"
      ecdsa: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/backup_server_ecdsa_key') }}"


Backup Client
-------------

The ``backup_client`` role can be used for setting-up the server as a backup
client so it can perform backups to the backup server.

Backup clients utilise duplicity (via the duply convenience wrapper) for
performing the backups to a backup server via *SFTP* protocol.

The role itself will take care of deploying the necessary software,
configuration files, and encryption/signing private key to the backup client in
order to be able to perform backup.

Files that should be backed-up are specified using the ``backup`` role.

The role implements the following:

* Installs backup software (Duplicity, Duply).
* Sets-up Duply configuration under directory ``/etc/duply/main/``.
* Deploys encryption/signing private key (usually host-specific), as well as
  additional encryption public keys to the server, and imports them into local
  GnuPG keyring used by backup software.
* Deploys private SSH key for logging-in into the backup server over SFTP.
* Deploys ``known_hosts`` file for SFTP fingerprint verification.
* Sets-up a handler that runs scripts/binaries before the actual backup
  run. This is helpful for producing database backups. Such scripts/binaries
  should be deployed to directory ``/etc/duply/main/pre.d/``, and marked
  executable by the root user.

Duply is configured as follows:

* GnuPG keyring is stored under ``/etc/duply/main/gnupg/``. The keyring should
  not be managed manually.
* SSH private key for logging-in into backup server is stored in location
  ``/etc/duply/main/ssh/identity``. Backup server SFTP fingerprint is stored in
  location ``/etc/duply/main/ssh/known_hosts``.
* Base directory for back-ups is root (``/``), but *all* files are excluded by
  default to prevent huge back-ups. Ansible roles that want to utilise the
  backup client role can specify which patterns should be included in the backup
  when including the ``backup`` role. Include pattern file is assembled and
  stored in location ``/etc/duply/main/include``.
* Backups are encrypted and signed with the specified encryption key.
* Maximum age for old backups is set to 6 months.
* Maximum age for full backups is set to 1 month.
* Volume size is set to 1GB.
* Pre-backup scripts are run via ``/etc/duply/main/pre`` handler that tries to
  execute scripts/binaries from directory ``/etc/duply/main/pre.d/``.

.. note::
   Since at time of this writing there are no lookup plugins for extracting key
   material/information from GnuPG keyring, you may want to resort to extraction
   of keys on the controller machine via lookups similar to::

     lookup('pipe', 'gpg2 --homedir /path/to/your/keyring --armor --export some_identifier')
     lookup('pipe', 'gpg2 --homedir /path/to/your/keyring --armor --export-secret-keys some_identifier')

   This may not be the most elegant solution, but for now it offers better
   flexibility (theoretically, you could store all those keys etc as plaintext
   files instead).


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**backup_additional_encryption_keys** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of additional public encryption keys used for backup operation. Each item
  in the list should be an ASCII armour-encoded public key exported from a GnuPG
  keyring. These additional public keys are useful in cases where the backups
  should be decryptable with some master key in addition to server-specific key.

**backup_client_username** (string, optional, ``bak-{{ ansible_fqdn | replace('.', '_') }}``)
  Username for connecting to the backup server via SFTP.

**backup_encryption_key** (string, mandatory)
  Private GnuPG key, encoded using ASCII armor, used for encryption and signing
  operations when running the backup on the client server. This *must* be a
  private key! This is normally host-specific encryption key that is distributed
  to destination server and that can be also used for the restore operations
  (for data decryption). The key must not be password-protected.

**backup_server** (string, mandatory)
  Backup server to connect to.

**backup_server_destination** (string, optional, ``/duplicity``)
  Target directory on the backup server where the backups are stored.

**backup_server_host_ssh_public_keys** (list, mandatory)
  SSH public keys presented by the server during client authentication. These
  public keys are used for populating the known hosts on the backup client side
  for host verification purposes.

**backup_server_port** (int, optional, ``2222``)
  Port on the backup server to connect to for accessing the SFTP service.

**backup_ssh_key** (string, mandatory)
  SSH private key for logging-in into the backup server.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)
- Debian 9 (Stretch)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up the role (take note that lookup
plugin is quite useful here for fetching key values from some local directory):

.. code-block:: yaml

  - role: backup_client
    backup_additional_encryption_keys: "-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----\n...\n-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----"
    backup_client_username: "user"
    backup_encryption_key: "-----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK-----\n...\n-----END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK-----"
    backup_server: "backup.example.com"
    backup_server_destination: "//example/host"
    backup_server_host_ssh_public_keys:
      - "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/backup_server_dsa_key.pub') }}"
      - "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/backup_server_ecdsa_key.pub') }}"
      - "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/backup_server_ed25519_key.pub') }}"
      - "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/backup_server_rsa_key.pub') }}"
    backup_server_port: 22
    backup_ssh_key: "{{ lookup('file', inventory_dir + '/ssh/web.example.com') }}"


Backup
------

The ``backup`` role can be used to specify what files should be backed-up to the
backup server.

The role provides a convenient way to deploy a file containing file and
directory patterns describing the file/directory paths that should be included
in the back-up.

The role implements the following:

* Installs a file with provided patterns in directory
  ``/etc/duply/main/patterns/``.
* Assembles/refresshes the main include pattern file at
  ``/etc/duply/main/include``.


Role dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Depends on the following roles:

* **backup_client**


Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~

**backup_patterns_filename** (string, mandatory)
  Name of the backup patterns file. The file is stored in directory
  ``/etc/duply/main/patterns/``. This should be a unique filename amongst all
  roles. If role can be included multiple times, make sure the filename is
  always unique when depending on the backup role.

**backup_patterns** (list, optional, ``[]``)
  List of globbing patterns defining which files or directories should be
  backed-up.


Distribution compatibility
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Role is compatible with the following distributions:

- Debian 8 (Jessie)
- Debian 9 (Stretch)


Examples
~~~~~~~~

Here is an example configuration for setting-up the role:

.. code-block:: yaml

  - role: backup
    backup_patterns_filename: myapp
    backup_patters:
      - /var/www/myapp.example.com